Psychology

The simplest cases of speech-blunders Post Date: Sat, 30 Aug 2008 1:41:42 +0000
An insight into the general nature of the condition of faulty and chance actions cannot be gained in this way. However, this investigation gives us one single significant fact; the more harmless the motivation of the faulty act, the less obnoxious and hence, the less incapable of consciousness, the thought to which it gives expression is; the easier also becomes the solution of the phenomenon after we have turned our attention toward it. The simplest cases of speech-blunders are immediately noticed and spontaneously corrected.

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The indulgent reader can, therefore Post Date: Sat, 30 Aug 2008 1:29:14 +0000
Where one deals with moti vation through actually repressed feelings, the solution requires a painstaking analysis, which may sometimes strike against difficulties or turn out unsuccessful. One is therefore justified in taking the result of this last investigation as an indication of the fact that the satisfactory ex planation o the psychological conditions of faulty and chance actions is to be acquired in another way and from another source. The indulgent reader can, therefore, see in these discussions the demonstration o the surfaces of fracture in which this theme was quite artificially evolved from a broader connection.

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Here, as there, one finds Post Date: Sat, 30 Aug 2008 1:11:53 +0000
VII Just a few words to indicate the direction of this broader connection. The mechanism of the faulty and chance actions, as we have learned to know it through the application of analysis, shows in the most essential points an agreement with the mechanism of dream formation, which I have discussed in the chapter "The Dream Work" of my book on the interpretation of dreams. Here, as there, one finds condensation and compromise formation ("contaminations") ; in addition, the situation is much the same, since unconscious thoughts find expression as modifica tions of other thoughts in unusual ways and through outer asso ciations.

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The same connection also forbids Post Date: Sat, 30 Aug 2008 0:52:48 +0000
The incongruities, absurdities and errors in the dream content, by virtue of which the dream is scarcely recognized as a psychic function, originate in the same way to be sure, through freer usage of the existing material as the common error of our every-day life; here, as there, the appearance of the incorrect func tion is explained through the peculiar interference of two or more correct functions. An important conclusion can be drawn from this combina tion: the peculiar mode of operation, whose most striking function we recognize in the dream content, should not be attributed only to the sleeping state of the psychic life, when we possess abundant proof of its activity during the waking state in faulty actions. The same connection also forbids us from assuming that these psychic processes which impress us as abnormal and strange, are deter mined by deep-seated decay of psychic activity or by morbid state of function.

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There is still another special Post Date: Sat, 30 Aug 2008 0:41:46 +0000
15 The correct understanding of this strange psychic work, which allows the faulty actions to originate like the dream pic tures, will only be possible after we have discovered that the psychoneurotic symptoms, particularly the psychic formations of hysteria and compulsion neurosis, repeat in their mechanisms all the essential features of this mode of operation. The continuation of our investigation would therefore have to begin at this point. There is still another special interest for us in considering the faulty, chance and symptomatic actions in the light of this last analogy.

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There may be cases Post Date: Sat, 30 Aug 2008 0:27:29 +0000
If we compare them to the function of the psychoneuroses and the neurotic symptoms, two frequently recurring statements gain in sense and support namely, that the border-line between the nervous, normal and abnormal states is indistinct, and that we are all slightly nervous. Regardless of all medical experience, one may construe various types of such barely suggested nervousness, the formes frustes of the neuroses. There may be cases in which only a few symptoms appear, or they may manifest themselves rarely or in mild forms; the extenuation may be transferred to the number, intensity, or to the temporal outbreak of the morbid manifestation.

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When the symptoms are disposed Post Date: Sat, 30 Aug 2008 0:12:51 +0000
It may also happen that just, this type, which forms the most frequent transition between health and disease, may never be discovered. The transition type, whose morbid manifestations come in the form of faulty and symptomatic actions, is character ized by the fact that the symptoms are transformed to the least important psychic activities, while everything that can lay claim to a higher psychic value, remains free from disturbance. When the symptoms are disposed of in a reverse manner that is, when they appear in the most important individual and social activities in a manner to disturb the functions of nourishment and sexual rela tions, professional and social life such disposition is found in the severe cases of neuroses, and is perhaps more characteristic of the latter than the multiformity or vividness of the morbid manifesta tions.

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1 Classical proof Post Date: Fri, 29 Aug 2008 23:59:51 +0000
But the common character of the mildest, as well as the severest cases, to which the faulty and chance actions contribute, lies in the ability to refer the phenomena to unwelcome, repressed) psychic material, which, though pushed away from consciousness, is nevertheless not robbed of all capacity to express itself. THE MOST important contribution to the psy chology of time perception is Freud s discovery that the uncon scious is timeless. 1 Classical proof is the evidence of dreams in which split seconds are felt as eternities, years are disregarded, chronology is scrambled or reversed.

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In clinical analysis one finds Post Date: Fri, 29 Aug 2008 23:44:39 +0000
No direct connection has been traced between jnfanti omnipotence and time perception although Freud stated that in tlae unconscious everybody considers himself to be immortal, 2 In fairy tales, daydreams, myths, and children s play, the element of time is freely disregarded. Hanns Sachs has observed that the infant probably first learns appreciation of time during intervals between nursing. In clinical analysis one finds that the child which persists in the neurotic personality of the adult still clings to the omni potent fantasy of an existence free of the painful realities implicit in the progression of time.

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Don t tell me, please Post Date: Fri, 29 Aug 2008 23:29:46 +0000
An intelligent business woman sought analysis because of the bizarre phobia that a lion would attack her from behind in the dark. She could not remain alone at home evenings and was fear ful of going out. Don t tell me, please she begged, there are no lions running around in apartments of a modern city.

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